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iC-WKM
M-TYPE CW LASER DIODE DRIVER
y inar im prel
Rev C1, Page 1/9 APPLICATIONS o o o o o Blue laser diodes Laser diode modules Laser diode pointers Laser levels Bar-code readers
FEATURES o Optimised for M-type laser diodes (single supply, case grounded) o CW operation up to 350 mA from a single supply of 3.6 to 15 V o Rapid soft start after power-on o Simple power adjustment via an external resistor o Integrated reverse polarity protection for the iC and laser diode o Strong suppression of transients with small external capacitors; integrated flyback path o Permanent shutdown with excessive temperature and overcurrent (i.e. if the laser diode is damaged or the feedback current path fails) o Two feedback inputs permit all current laser diode types to be used (M/P/N configurations) o Modulation via the feedback inputs possible o Wide monitor current range from 2.5 A to 6.25 mA
PACKAGES
SO8tp thermal pad
DFN10 4 mm x 4 mm
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Pin numbers given for SO8 package only. Copyright (c) 2006 iC-Haus http://www.ichaus.com
iC-WKM
M-TYPE CW LASER DIODE DRIVER
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Rev C1, Page 2/9
DESCRIPTION iC-WKM is a driver for laser diodes in continuous wave operation with laser currents of up to 350 mA, which requires only four external components. The wide power supply range of up to 15 V allows for operation of blue laser diodes, e.g. by Nichia or Sanyo. The driver is optimised for M-type laser diodes and allows the operation from a single supply and the connection of the laser diode case (common cathode) with ground. The iC includes integrated circuitry protecting against destruction by ESD, excessive temperature and overcurrent plus a soft start of the regulator to protect the laser diode when the power supply is switched on. The iC also filters the laser diode power supply for transients. The regulator is adapted to the laser diode by an external resistor at MDA. The monitor current acts as a reference and is regulated independent of the influence of temperature and supply voltage (range: 2.5 A to 6.25 mA). The capacitor at CI determines the control time constants and start-up time. A second monitor input, pin MDK, allows the driver to be used for P-type laser diode configuration; alternatively, it can be used as an analogue modulation input (DC to a few kHz). In the event of failure, such as overcurrent in the laser path with a lack of feedback, for example, a quick power lockout is activated. The shutdown persists until power is reapplied, permitting a restart. The strain on power packs and batteries is relieved and the laser class is retained even in the event of a disturbance. iC-WKM offers additional protection by means of spike detection at pin MDA. Should spikes or oscillation occur at pin MDA the power lockout is activated after a certain time-out.
iC-WKM
M-TYPE CW LASER DIODE DRIVER
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Rev C1, Page 3/9
PACKAGES SO8tp, DFN10 4 mm x 4 mm to JEDEC standard PIN CONFIGURATION SO8tp (top view)
1 8
PIN FUNCTIONS No. Name Function Capacitor for Power Control Ground Reference Ground for CI, RM Monitor Input 2 (MD Cathode, modulation) 5 MDA APC Setup, Monitor Input 1 (MD Anode) 6 VCCA Driver Supply 7 VCC +3.6 to 15 V Supply Voltage 8 LDA Driver Output (LD Anode) 1 2 3 4 CI GND AGND MDK
CI
2 7
LDA VCC
GND
code... ...
WKM
3
6
AGND
4
VCCA
5
MDK
MDA
The Thermal Pad is to be connected to a Ground Plane on the PCB. Do not short-circuit pins AGND and GND, for this may deteriorate the precision of the regulator and interfere with the soft-start! PIN CONFIGURATION DFN10 4 mm x 4 mm (top view)
10 9 8 7 6
PIN FUNCTIONS No. Name Function 1 2 3 4 CI GND AGND MDK Capacitor for Power Control Ground Reference Ground for CI, RM Monitor Input 2 (MD Cathode, modulation)
iC-WKM
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1 2 3 4 5
APC Setup, Monitor Input 1 (MD Anode) 7 VCCA Driver Supply 8 VCC +3.6 to 15 V Supply Voltage 9 LDA Driver Output (LD Anode) 10 n.c.
5 n.c. 6 MDA
The Thermal Pad is to be connected to a Ground Plane on the PCB. Do not short-circuit pins AGND and GND, for this may deteriorate the precision of the regulator and interfere with the soft-start!
iC-WKM
M-TYPE CW LASER DIODE DRIVER
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Rev C1, Page 4/9
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Beyond these values damage may occur; device operation is not guaranteed. Item No. Symbol Parameter Voltage at VCC Current in VCC Current in CI Current in LDA Current in VCCA Current in MDA Current in MDK Current in AGND Current in GND ESD Susceptibility at all pins Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range MIL-STD-833, method 3015, HBM 100 pF discharged via 1.5 k -40 -40 Conditions Fig. Min. -6 -10 -10 -900 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 Max. 16 900 10 10 10 10 10 10 900 2 150 150 V mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA kV C C Unit
G001 VCC G002 I(VCC) G003 I(CI) G004 I(LDA) G005 I(VCCA) G006 I(MDA) G007 I(MDK) G008 I(AGND) G009 I(GND) G010 Vd() G011 Tj G012 Ts
THERMAL DATA
Operating Conditions: VCC = 3.6...15 V Item No. T01 T02 T03 Symbol Ta Rthja Rthja Parameter Operating Ambient Temperature Range Thermal Resistance Chip/Ambient Thermal Resistance Chip/Ambient SMD assembly, no additional cooling areas therm. pad soldered to approx. 2 cm cooling area 30 Conditions Fig. Min. -40 Typ. Max. 85 170 50 C K/W K/W Unit
All voltages are referenced to ground unless otherwise stated. All currents into the device pins are positive; all currents out of the device pins are negative.
iC-WKM
M-TYPE CW LASER DIODE DRIVER
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Rev C1, Page 5/9
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Conditions: VCC = 3.6...15 V, RM = 40 ...100 k, Tj = -40...125 C unless otherwise noted Item No. 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 011 Symbol Parameter Conditions Tj C Fig. Min. 3.6 control range -350 5 2.4 RM = 50 k, VCC = -6 V VCC: 0 5 V to 95%I(LDA); I(LDA) = I(LDA)m, CI = 3.3 F I() = 10 mA, other pins open I() = -10 mA, other pins open I() = 10 mA, other pins open I() = -10 mA, other pins open I() = 10 mA, other pins open 1.1 -9 6 -11 16 11 -1 24 -10 -3 600 4 Typ. Max. 15 -10 10 5 V mA mA mA mA s V V V V V Unit
Total Device VCC I(LDA)m Idc(VCC) Ioff(VCC) Ir(VCC) ton() Vc()hi Vc()lo Vc()hi Vc()lo Vc()hi Permissible Supply Voltage Permissible Laser Drive Current Supply Current without load path closed control loop, I(MDK) = 0, I(LDA) = 350 mA Supply Current after Reset Reverse Supply Current Turn-on Delay Clamp Voltage hi at MDA Clamp Voltage lo at VCC, LDA, MDA, CI, VCCA Clamp Voltage hi at MDK referenced to VCCA Clamp Voltage lo at MDK referenced to VCCA Clamp Voltage hi at VCC, LDA, CI, VCCA Reference Voltage at MDA Reference Voltage Temperature Drift at MDA Input Current in MDA
Reference and Monitor Inputs MDA, MDK, AGND 101 102 103 104 105 V(MDA) dV(MDA) Ierr(MDA) dI(MDA) APCerr closed control loop, V(LDA) < Vs(LDA) see 101 closed control loop, I(MDK) = 0 -100 -1 230 250 270 120 100 1 mV V/C nA nA/C
Input Current Temperature Drift in see 103 MDA Control Error RM = 10 k; Tj = 0...80 C Tj= -40...125 C V(VCC): 3.6 V 15 V, I(LDA) = -350 mA I(MDK) = 1...500 A I(MDK) = 0.5...3 mA I(MDK) = 3...6 mA I(MDK) = 1 A...1 mA I(MDK) = 1...6 mA Vf() = V(VCCA) - V(MDK), I(MDK) = 1 A...6 mA
0.5 2 -4 4 3 0.97 0.95 0.92 -0.005 -0.025 0.4 1.03 1.05 1.06 0.005 0.025 2
% % %
106 107 108
dI(MD) Rgnd() CR()
Supply Voltage Suppression Resistor AGND-GND Current Ratio I(MDA)/I(MDK)
109 110 111
TC() TC() Vf(MDK)
Current Ratio Temperature Coefficient I(MDA)/I(MDK) Current Ratio Temperature Coefficient I(MDA)/I(MDK) Voltage at MDK
%/C %/C V
Laser Driver LDA 201 Vs(LDA) Saturation Vs(LDA) = V(VCC) - V(LDA); Voltage at LDA referenced to VCC I(LDA)= -40 mA I(LDA)= -350 mA 202 203 204 dI(MDA) It(LDA) toff() Load Balancing Error Overcurrent Threshold in LDA Overcurrent Reset Delay lack of feedback: I(MD) = 0 to I(LDA) > -10 mA, VCC = 5 V, CI = 1 F I(LDA) > -350 mA VCC to VCCA t > 1 s 0.7 I(LDA): -20 -350 mA -5 -700
1.0 1.5 4 -360 600
V V % mA s
205 206 207
Vf() Rvcc() Vt(MDA)
Flyback Diode Forward Voltage V(GND)-V(LDA) Transient Protection Resistor Shutdown Threshold at MDA
1.5 3 1.8
V V
iC-WKM
M-TYPE CW LASER DIODE DRIVER
y inar im prel
Rev C1, Page 6/9
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Conditions: VCC = 3.6...15 V, RM = 40 ...100 k, Tj = -40...125 C unless otherwise noted Item No. 301 302 Symbol Parameter Conditions Tj C Fig. Min. 0.6 140 Typ. Max. 1.9 165 V C Unit
Control Release Flip-Flop VCCen Toff Set Threshold for Enable Flip-Flop Overtemperature Shutdown
iC-WKM
M-TYPE CW LASER DIODE DRIVER
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Rev C1, Page 7/9
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Laser light can damage the human eye and the eyes of animals! Do not look at any laser light directly or through any optical lens. When handling a laser diode, do not look directly at the light generated by it. Wear appropriate safety glasses to prevent light from entering the eye even by reflection.
FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Setting the output power The output power is simply set by RM = V(MDA) / I(MD); with V(MDA) = Item-No. 101 and I(MD) = monitor current of the laser diode at the desired operating point. RM should be combined from fixed resistor (max. output power) and a trimmer (calibration). Turn-on behaviour After switching the supply voltage on, the output stage remains disabled until the internal enabling flip-flop is set by a sufficiently high voltage at VCC. A quick soft start follows; the transition to controlled CW operation is gradual and primarily determined by the values of CI and RM. CI is properly dimensioned when the voltage overshoot at MDA is at a minimum.
V(MDA) 200mV 100mV 0 -100mV V(LDA) 1,5V 1,0V 500mV 0 V(CI) 2V 1V 0 I(LD) 200mA 100mA 0 0 50us 100us Time 150us 200us 250us
If the voltage drops below this value, the output stage is forcibly saturated and the laser current decreases. iC-WKM simultaneously discharges the control capacitor CI so that no excessive laser diode currents occur when the supply voltage rises again.
V(MDA) 200mV 100mV 0 -100mV V(LDA) 1,5V 1,0V 500mV 0 V(CI) 2V 1V 0 I(LD) 200mA 100mA 0 1000us Time 1,01ms 1,02ms
Figure 2: Turn-off behaviour
Figure 1: Turn-on behaviour Turn-off behaviour iC-WKM works without a fixed undervoltage lockout, thus the laser diode forward voltage is the prime factor determining the lowest possible supply voltage.
Disruptions in operation The power control is shut down with excessive driver temperature or when the laser current reaches the overcurrent shutdown threshold, for example when the feedback is interrupted. If the monitor diode or the bias resistor RM fail, the device is shut down in less than 600 s, provided that the supply voltage applied is high enough. When modulating the laser current via pin MDK, excessive voltage occurring at pin MDA also may cause a shutdown.
iC-WKM
M-TYPE CW LASER DIODE DRIVER
y inar im prel
Rev C1, Page 8/9
APPLICATION NOTES Laser diode types In principle, all three laser diode types can be operated by iC-WKM. As iC-WKM has been optimised for use with M-type laser diodes, it is with this type of diode that the best functionality is achieved. This type of setup also enables the laser diode package to be connected to GND. With P-type laser diodes it is also possible to connect the laser diode package to GND. Here, however, the current mirror at MDK introduces a certain error to the automatic power control (c.f. Electrical Characteristics Nos. 108-110). Even N-type laser diodes can be operated by iC-WKM; iC-WKN, however, which has been optimised for use with these diodes, may be a better choice. Figure 3: Operation of an M-type laser diode Layout To prevent instability of the regulator an additional capacitor (ca. 100 pF) must be positioned directly at the iC's pin CI. Depending on the laser diode, capacitor CM with typ. 2 nF in parallel to RM may be required for stability. Pin AGND acts solely as a ground reference for the power regulator (CI and RM) and should not be shortcircuited with GND externally. This could have a negative effect on the control behavior and monitor functions. Cooling Laser diodes should be sufficiently cooled, particularly with the power-regulated operation of setups which use iC-WKM, for example. The power dissipation in the laser diode otherwise causes the diode to heat up and the level of efficiency to drop which the power control unit then compensates for by increasing the laser current. This in turn brings about a rise in power dissipation in the laser diode and thus also in temperature. In this instance the laser diode could be damaged (resulting in spottiness and an increase in operating current) or even destroyed before the overcurrent shutdown threshold in iC-WKM is reached. This applies in particular to blue laser diodes whose power dissipation is considerably higher than that of red laser diodes, for example, due to the higher forward voltage.
Figure 4: Operation of a P-type laser diode
Figure 5: Operation of an N-type laser diode
This specification is for a newly developed product. iC-Haus therefore reserves the right to change or update, without notice, any information contained herein, design and specification; and to discontinue or limit production or distribution of any product versions. Please contact iC-Haus to ascertain the current data. Copying - even as an excerpt - is only permitted with iC-Haus approval in writing and precise reference to source. iC-Haus does not warrant the accuracy, completeness or timeliness of the specification on this site and does not assume liability for any errors or omissions in the materials. The data specified is intended solely for the purpose of product description. No representations or warranties, either express or implied, of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or of any other nature are made hereunder with respect to information/specification or the products to which information refers and no guarantee with respect to compliance to the intended use is given. In particular, this also applies to the stated possible applications or areas of applications of the product. iC-Haus conveys no patent, copyright, mask work right or other trade mark right to this product. iC-Haus assumes no liability for any patent and/or other trade mark rights of a third party resulting from processing or handling of the product and/or any other use of the product.
iC-WKM
M-TYPE CW LASER DIODE DRIVER
y inar im prel
Rev C1, Page 9/9
ORDERING INFORMATION
Type iC-WKM
Package SO8tp DFN10 4 mm x 4 mm
Order Designation iC-WKM SO8 iC-WKM DFN10 iC-WKM EVAL WKM1D
Evaluation Board
For information about prices, terms of delivery, other packaging options etc. please contact: iC-Haus GmbH Am Kuemmerling 18 D-55294 Bodenheim GERMANY Tel.: +49 (61 35) 92 92-0 Fax: +49 (61 35) 92 92-192 Web: http://www.ichaus.com E-Mail: sales@ichaus.com

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